Subspeciality Interests Among the Ophthalmology Residents: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Medical Education
• Surgical Subspecialties

Background:

• Fellowship selection is a critical decision for ophthalmology residents.
• Understanding motivations and obstacles is key to guiding career choices.
• This study focuses on residents in Pakistan.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify popular ophthalmology subspecialty choices among residents.
• To explore factors influencing fellowship selection.
• To determine obstacles faced during the subspecialty choice process.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-methods study combining qualitative (focus groups, interviews) and quantitative (online survey) phases.
• Survey data from 138 FCPS-ophthalmology residents across Pakistan.
• Statistical analysis using Pearson Chi-square test for associations.

Main Results:

• Cataract and refractive surgery (22.5%), vitreoretinal surgery (21.7%), and orbit and oculoplasty (9.4%) were the top choices.
• Career interest was the primary motivator (48.8%).
• Challenging subspecialties presented the main obstacle (42.5%). Gender showed a significant association with subspecialty choice (p=0.029).

Conclusions:

• Ophthalmology residents in Pakistan exhibit diverse motivations for fellowship selection.
• Professional needs and scientific reasons are the primary drivers.
• Findings highlight the importance of mentorship and career guidance in fellowship choices.