Optical Optimization of Tandem Solar Cells: A Systematic Review for Enhanced Power Conversion

Tandem solar cells (TSCs) perform a better adaptation of the incident photons in different-energy-level bandgap materials, and overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit, but they require advanced control over the management of light for optimum performance. Nanomaterials and nanostructures offer a vastly improved control over the management of light. Through different optimization techniques, researchers can gain valuable insights regarding the optimization of various parameters of nano-optical designs. Over the past years, the number of studies on this topic has been continuously increasing. The present study reviews various current state-of-the-art optical designs, and provides an overview of the optimization techniques and numerical modeling of TSCs. This paper collected and analyzed different studies published within the years 2015-2022, using systematic literature review techniques, such as specific protocol screening and a search strategy. Seven different optical designs were extracted, along with their advanced local and global optimization methods, which offer a solution to the optical limitations of TSCs.