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Related Concept Videos

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1
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[Human monkeypox (Mpox)].

Sebastian Mrosik1, Heinrich Rasokat1, Mario Fabri1

  • 1Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Universität zu Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland.

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|December 8, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human monkeypox (Mpox) outbreaks spread globally in 2022, primarily through sexual contact. While cases declined due to prevention, sporadic outbreaks of this sexually transmitted Mpox variant are still possible.

Keywords:
Anogenital ulcerOrthopoxvirusPerson-to-person transmissionPoxvirusSexually transmitted diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Context:

  • The global Mpox outbreak beginning in May 2022 marked a significant shift, with human-to-human transmission primarily occurring during sexual activity, particularly affecting men who have sex with men (MSM).
  • The World Health Organization declared Mpox a public health emergency of international concern in July 2022, highlighting the rapid global spread.
  • Germany reported approximately 3700 cases by September 2023, with the peak incidence between May and August 2022.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of the recent global Mpox outbreak.
  • To describe the distinct clinical presentation of the clade IIb Mpox variant compared to classical Mpox.
  • To assess the impact of public health interventions on disease incidence.

Summary:

  • The 2022 Mpox outbreak was characterized by sexual transmission of a novel clade IIb variant, differing clinically from zoonotic clades I and IIa.
  • Intensive prevention efforts, including education and vaccination, led to a significant decline in cases after mid-August 2022.
  • Despite a current calm epidemiological situation, sporadic cases and smaller outbreaks, such as the one in Berlin in August 2023, necessitate continued vigilance.

Impact:

  • Understanding the transmission patterns of Mpox is crucial for effective public health strategies and control measures.
  • The distinct clinical features of the clade IIb variant require tailored diagnostic and clinical management approaches.
  • The success of prevention efforts underscores the importance of public health interventions in mitigating infectious disease outbreaks.