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Calorimetry01:19

Calorimetry

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When objects at different temperatures are placed in contact with each other but isolated from everything else, they attain thermal equilibrium. A container that prevents heat transfer in or out is called a calorimeter, and the use of a calorimeter to make measurements is called calorimetry. Generally, these measurements involve heat or specific heat capacity. The term "calorimetry problem" is used for any problem where the specified objects are thermally isolated from their...
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Constant Pressure Calorimetry03:02

Constant Pressure Calorimetry

85.3K
Calorimetry is a technique used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process or to measure the heat transferred to or from a substance. The heat is exchanged with a calibrated and insulated device called the calorimeter. Calorimetry experiments are based on the assumption that there is no heat exchange between the insulated calorimeter and the external environment. The well-insulated calorimeters prevent the transfer of heat between the calorimeter and its external...
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Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium01:11

Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium

6.7K
Heat and temperature are essential concepts for everyone every day. The study of heat and temperature is part of an area of physics known as thermodynamics. It is not always easy to distinguish heat and temperature.
The concept of temperature has evolved from the common concepts of hot and cold. The scientific definition of temperature explains more than just our sense of hot and cold. Temperature is operationally defined as the quantity measured with a thermometer. Furthermore, temperature is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
08:29

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Published on: June 3, 2015

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Improved method for simultaneous determination of thermal properties.

Mitsuharu Nagasawa1, Ryuunosuke Inoue2, Takeshi Nakanishi2

  • 1Department of Natural Sciences, Tokyo Denki University, Adachi, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan and Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Adachi, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|December 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study presents an improved method for measuring the heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity of small materials. The technique enhances temperature oscillations for precise thermal property determination.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Thermodynamics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of thermal properties is crucial for material characterization.
  • Existing methods may have limitations for small-sized samples or low-heat modulation.
  • Simultaneous determination of multiple thermal properties can be challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce an improved method for simultaneously determining heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity.
  • To enhance the measurement sensitivity for small-sized materials.
  • To validate the method's accuracy and applicability.

Main Methods:

  • A novel technique applying a square-wave heat with a superimposed constant component to a plate-shaped sample via a thin-film heater.
  • Thermometer attached to the heater measures response temperature, enhanced by internal thermal relaxation.
  • One-dimensional theoretical analysis and experimental validation on synthetic quartz and poly(methyl methacrylate) from 80-300 K.

Main Results:

  • The improved method successfully determined heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity simultaneously.
  • Enhanced temperature oscillation amplitude allows for precise measurements with low-heat modulation.
  • Experimental results for synthetic quartz and poly(methyl methacrylate) showed excellent agreement with literature values.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method offers a reliable and accurate approach for characterizing thermal properties of small-sized materials.
  • The technique's sensitivity and accuracy make it suitable for various material science applications.
  • The method provides a valuable tool for researchers needing precise thermal property data.