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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract01:28

Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract

The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...

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Efficient Nucleic Acid Extraction and 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing for Bacterial Community Characterization
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Uterine Microbiome: Does the Sampling Technique Matter?

Kreete Lüll1, Elin Org1

  • 1Institute of Genomics, Estonian Genome Centre, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The uterine microbiome, dominated by Lactobacillus, impacts female fertility. Standardizing endometrial microbiome sampling methods is crucial for accurate diagnostics and treatment of gynecological conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Microbiome research
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • The human body harbors significant microbial communities influencing health.
  • The uterus contains a distinct endometrial microbiome impacting female fertility and gynecological pathologies.
  • Lactobacillus is often dominant in the uterine microbiome, considered a marker for a healthy environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current sampling methods for the endometrial microbiome.
  • To identify challenges impeding endometrial microbiome research.
  • To propose a consensus for study design in endometrial microbiome research.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of existing sampling techniques for endometrial microbiome analysis.
  • Discussion of factors hindering reproducible endometrial microbiome studies.
  • Analysis of strategies to achieve consensus on study design.

Main Results:

  • Current sampling methods for endometrial microbiome lack standardization.
  • Replication of endometrial microbiome discoveries is limited by methodological inconsistencies.
  • A consensus on study design is needed to advance research.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized sampling methods are essential for accurate endometrial microbiome profiling.
  • Addressing research impediments will facilitate understanding of the uterine microbiome's role in reproductive health.
  • Inclusion of endometrial microbiome data in diagnostics and treatment can improve gynecological care.