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Updated: Jul 1, 2026
A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
Published on: September 25, 2014
Specialist healthcare services for concussion/mild traumatic brain injury in England: a consensus statement using
Elika Karvandi1, Adel Helmy2, Angelos G Kolias2
1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK eek34@cam.ac.uk.
Objective:
To establish a consensus on the structure and process of healthcare services for patients with concussion in England to facilitate better healthcare quality and patient outcome.
Design:
This consensus study followed the modified Delphi methodology with five phases: participant identification, item development, two rounds of voting and a meeting to finalise the consensus statements. The predefined threshold for agreement was set at ≥70%.
Setting:
Specialist outpatient services.
Participants:
Members of the UK Head Injury Network were invited to participate. The network consists of clinical specialists in head injury practising in emergency medicine, neurology, neuropsychology, neurosurgery, paediatric medicine, rehabilitation medicine and sports and exercise medicine in England.
Primary Outcome Measure:
A consensus statement on the structure and process of specialist outpatient care for patients with concussion in England.
Results:
55 items were voted on in the first round. 29 items were removed following the first voting round and 3 items were removed following the second voting round. Items were modified where appropriate. A final 18 statements reached consensus covering 3 main topics in specialist healthcare services for concussion; care pathway to structured follow-up, prognosis and measures of recovery, and provision of outpatient clinics.
Conclusions:
This work presents statements on how the healthcare services for patients with concussion in England could be redesigned to meet their health needs. Future work will seek to implement these into the clinical pathway.
