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Self-care behaviour and associated factors among heart failure patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and

Adam Wondmieneh¹, Addisu Getie², Melaku Bimerew³

¹Department of Nursing, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia wondmienehadam@gmail.com.

|December 10, 2023

Abstract

Objective:

This study aimed to estimate the pooled level of self-care behaviour among heart failure patients in Ethiopia.

Design:

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Source:

PubMed/MEDLINE, HINARI, Web of Sciences, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, African journals online and University repositories were searched from 1 January 2000 to 1 November 2023.

Eligibility Criteria:

We include studies that examined self-care behaviour among heart failure patients, studies that report factors associated with self-care behaviour and observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control and cohort) with full text available.

Data Extraction And Synthesis:

The data were extracted with Microsoft Excel and analysed by using STATA V.11 software. The weighted inverse variance random-effects model at 95% CI was used to estimate the pooled level of self-care behaviour and its associated factors among heart failure patients. Tests of heterogeneity, test of publication bias and subgroup analyses were also employed.

Results:

Thirteen cross-sectional studies with 4321 study participants were included; and the pooled level of good self-care behaviour among heart failure patients in Ethiopia was found to be 38.3% (95% CI 31.46 to 45.13). Only 68.8% of heart failure patients were knowledgeable about heart failure. Knowledge about heart failure (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=3.39; 95% CI 2.42 to 4.74) and absence of comorbidity (AOR=2.69; 95% CI 1.35 to 5.37) were significantly associated with good self-care behaviour among heart failure patients in Ethiopia.

Conclusion:

The majority of heart failure patients in Ethiopia did not adhere to the recommended self-care behaviours. Nearly one-third of heart failure patients were not knowledgeable about heart failure. Knowledge about heart failure and the absence of comorbidities were significantly associated with good self-care behaviour. Therefore, efforts should be devoted to increasing knowledge and preventing comorbidities among heart failure patients.

Prospero Registration Number:

CRD42023394373.

Keywords:

adult cardiology cardiology heart failure

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