Advances in commingled human remains analysis between 2014 and 2023.

Area of Science:

• Forensic Anthropology
• Bioarchaeology
• Bioarchaeology

Background:

• Commingled skeletal assemblages pose challenges in forensic anthropology and bioarchaeology.
• Traditional osteometric methods are foundational but have limitations in complex contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advancements in analytical methods for resolving commingled remains since 2014.
• To demonstrate how new techniques expand the scope of analysis for skeletal elements.
• To guide practitioners in selecting appropriate methods for managing commingled assemblages.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent literature on osteometric, genetic, geochemical, and digital modeling applications.
• Analysis of case studies from forensic anthropology and bioarchaeology.
• Evaluation of method application based on recovery environments and project goals.

Main Results:

• New methods increase the ability to individuate remains and identify human versus non-human elements.
• Technological advances allow for the analysis of larger and more complex skeletal assemblages.
• Combining diverse analytical approaches is crucial for comprehensive resolution.

Conclusions:

• Modern analytical techniques significantly enhance the resolution of commingled skeletal remains.
• Practitioners should consider analytical goals, resources, and methods for optimal outcomes.
• Integrated approaches using multiple methods are best practice for managing commingled assemblages.