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Immunotherapy in SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma: Two case reports
Lu Zhang1, Ai-Xin Gao2, Yu-Lu He3
1Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China.
Background:
SMARCB1/INI-1 deficient sinonasal carcinoma (SDSC) is a rare subset of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma with a poor prognosis. Here, we present two case reports of SDSC patients. We also review the literature on this tumor. This is the first published report of SDSC treatment with immunotherapy.
Case Summary:
Here we present two patient cases of SDSC in which initial consultation and diagnosis were complicated but SDSC was ultimately diagnosed. One patient received a traditional treatment of surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, while the other patient received additional immunotherapy; the prognoses of these two patients differed. We review previous diagnostic literature reports and SDSC treatments and provide a unique perspective on this rare type of tumor.
Conclusion:
SDSC is a rare, diagnostically challenging carcinoma with a consistently poor prognosis, early distant metastases, and frequent recurrence. Timely diagnosis and intervention are critical for treatment, for which the standard of care is surgery followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, though immunotherapy may be an effective new treatment for SDSC.
Insights
SMARCB1/INI-1 deficient sinonasal carcinoma (SDSC) is rare and challenging to diagnose. Immunotherapy shows promise as a novel treatment option for SDSC, complementing traditional therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- SMARCB1/INI-1 deficient sinonasal carcinoma (SDSC) is a rare entity within sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma.
- SDSC is characterized by a poor prognosis, early distant metastases, and frequent recurrence.
Observation:
- Two cases of SDSC are presented, highlighting diagnostic complexities.
- One patient underwent surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy; another received immunotherapy in addition to traditional treatment.
Findings:
- The prognosis differed between the two patients, suggesting varying treatment efficacies.
- Literature review indicates surgery followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy as standard care.
Implications:
- Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing SDSC.
- Immunotherapy represents a potential new therapeutic avenue for SDSC patients.
