The gut mucin-microbiota interactions: a missing key to optimizing endurance performance.

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Microbiology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Endurance athletes exhibit unique physiology and metabolism.
• High-intensity training increases risk for gastrointestinal issues in athletes.
• Gut barrier integrity, crucial for performance, relies on O-glycosylated mucins.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the symbiotic relationship between gut microbiome and host mucus mucins.
• To explore how mucin glycans influence gut microbiome composition and function.
• To examine the impact of the gut microbiome on mucin properties and host functions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on the interaction between mucins and gut microbiota.
• Analysis of emerging evidence on the bidirectional communication pathways.
• Discussion of the role of glycans in maintaining gut barrier function.

Main Results:

• Mucin glycans significantly shape the gut microbiome's composition and function.
• The gut microbiome influences mucin production, thickness, and host immune/metabolic functions.
• A complex crosstalk exists between mucins and gut microorganisms.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the mucin-microbiome axis is vital for gut health in athletes.
• Glycan supplements show potential for enhancing mucus production and gut barrier function.
• Targeting this symbiosis may improve endurance performance and athlete gut health.