[Tarsal tunnel syndrome]

The tarsal tunnel syndrome shall be discussed in view of the available literature as well as experience derived from 58 operative procedures. A compression syndrome of the tibial nerve should always be considered in cases of pain of the foot after trauma to the lower extremity and foot. The etiology, clinical presentation and treatment shall be described. Conservative therapy is indicated in mild cases with no accompanying EMG alterations, whereas operative treatment and perineural decompression is required for those cases resistant to conservative measures or those with EMG alterations.