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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Measurement of Protein Turnover Rates in Senescent and Non-Dividing Cultured Cells with Metabolic Labeling and Mass Spectrometry
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Cellular senescence in brain aging and cognitive decline.

Areez Shafqat1, Saifullah Khan2, Mohamed H Omer3

  • 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|December 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Cellular senescence contributes to brain aging and cognitive decline. Senotherapies show promise for mitigating these effects in various patient groups, offering potential health benefits.

Keywords:
agingastrocyte senescencecellular senescencecognitive declinemicroglia senescenceobesitytherapy-induced senescence (TIS)traumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cellular senescence is a key hallmark of aging, implicated in neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Senotherapies are being investigated for neurodegenerative conditions.
  • The role of senescence in age-related cognitive decline without neurodegeneration is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of cellular senescence in brain aging and cognitive decline.
  • To explore senotherapeutics for non-neurodegenerative age-related cognitive deficits.
  • To discuss potential benefits for specific patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cellular senescence and brain aging.
  • Analysis of senotherapeutics (senolytics, senomorphics).
  • Exploration of emerging therapies like hyperbaric oxygen and immune-directed treatments.

Main Results:

  • Cellular senescence impacts brain aging and cognitive decline.
  • Certain patient groups may experience accelerated brain aging due to senescence.
  • Senolytics and senomorphics have caveats, but alternative therapies show promise.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding senescence in brain aging is critical for developing effective treatments.
  • Targeting senescence may alleviate premature brain aging in at-risk populations.
  • Emerging therapies offer new avenues for reducing senescent cell burden and improving cognitive health.