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Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Reactive Inkjet Printing and Propulsion Analysis of Silk-based Self-propelled Micro-stirrers

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Published on: April 26, 2019

Self-Propelling Macroscale Sheets Powered by Enzyme Pumps.

Jiaqi Song¹, Oleg E Shklyaev², Aditya Sapre³

¹Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA-16802, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|December 11, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Enzymatic pumps create fluid flow to move particles. Researchers developed centimeter-scale polymer sheets propelled by these biocompatible pumps on the air/water interface, enabling macroscale motion control.

Keywords:

Active Matter Buoyancy-Driven Convection Enzyme Pumps Polymer Sheets Self-Propelled Motion

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Materials Science
Fluid Dynamics

Background:

Nanoscale enzymes on surfaces function as chemical pumps, converting reaction energy into fluid flow for particle propulsion.
Enzymatic pumps offer biocompatibility, selectivity, and substrate specificity.
Scaling enzymatic pumps for macroscale self-propelled motion in devices and robotics remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the capability of enzymatic pumps to drive macroscale motion.
To investigate the controlled propulsion of centimeter-scale polymer sheets using enzymatic pumps.
To explore the potential of these systems for fluidic devices, soft robotics, and in vivo applications.

Main Methods:

Utilized experiments and simulations to study enzymatic pump behavior.
Coated polymer sheets with asymmetric enzymatic layers.
Confined sheet motion to the air/water interface and introduced substrates to induce flow.

Main Results:

Enzymatic pumps successfully propelled centimeter-scale polymer sheets along linear and rotational paths.
Chemically driven buoyancy flows were induced by asymmetric enzymatic coatings and substrates.
Motion directionality and speed were controllable by altering enzyme patterns, enzyme type, and substrate properties.

Conclusions:

Biocompatible enzymes can effectively generate macroscale motion.
Enzymatic pumps offer a viable mechanism for propulsion in macroscopic fluidic devices and soft robotics.
This approach shows promise for future in vivo applications requiring controlled movement.