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Updated: Jul 8, 2025

A Procedure for Implanting Organized Arrays of Microwires for Single-unit Recordings in Awake, Behaving Animals
Published on: February 14, 2014
A 4.43 TΩ ZIN 0.0128 mm2 Cascaded Instrumentation Amplifier with Input-biased Pseudo Resistor for Implantable Brain
Abstract:
A cascaded instrumentation amplifier (CaIA) with input-biased pseudo resistors (IBPR) is presented for implantable brain machine interfaces (BMI). The gain distribution of two-stage cascaded amplifiers, instead of a single-stage amplifier, helps to achieve an input impedance of 4.43TΩ at 100Hz, and maintain the small active area (0.0128 mm2). The input-biased pseudo resistors contribute to a much lower high-pass corner (fHP=0.00011Hz) compared with the conventional structure, the input-referred noise is only 3.836μVrms integrated from 0.5Hz to 10kHz with 0.98μW power consumption.Clinical Relevance- This establishes an area-efficient amplifier design with ultra-high input impedance (4.43TΩ at 100Hz) and hyper-low high-pass corner frequency (fHP=0.00011Hz), which is suitable for long-term monitoring of neural activities (including slow oscillations) in implantable brain-machine interfaces.
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