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Immune Activation Modulation via Magnetically Localized Bacteria Based Micro/Bio Robot (BBMBR).

Dohee Lee, Minseok Jeong, Hyeonjae Lee

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

|December 12, 2023

Summary

Researchers developed a bacteria-based micro/bio robot system (BBMBR) for targeted cancer immunotherapy. This system precisely controls bacteria-based immune activators, converting cold tumors into hot tumors for enhanced treatment efficacy.

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Immunology
Nanotechnology

Background:

Tumor microenvironment understanding is crucial for cancer therapy, particularly immunotherapy.
Immune desert or cold tumors exhibit downregulated T cell infiltration, limiting treatment efficacy.
Converting cold tumors to hot tumors is a key strategy to enhance immunotherapy response.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a bacteria-based micro/bio robot system (BBMBR) for spatiotemporal control of immune-boosting agents.
To investigate the potential of BBMBR in converting cold tumors to hot tumors.
To establish a novel framework for localized immune activation in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

Bacteria were engineered with magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) to create BBMBRs.
Magnetic fields were used to control the spatial localization of BBMBRs.
Immune activation was assessed by quantifying M1-phenotype macrophage differentiation (CD80 staining) and IL-6 levels.

Main Results:

Biomanufacturing confirmed successful attachment of MNPs to bacteria (75.2% ± 3.37% bacteria-MNP ratio).
BBMBRs demonstrated controlled rotational and translational localization via magnetic fields.
Magnetically guided BBMBR localization induced localized immune activation, with reduced M1 macrophage differentiation and IL-6 levels at increased distances from the activation point.

Conclusions:

The developed BBMBR system offers precise control over the localization of immune-boosting agents.
This technology enables spatial immune activation strategies, potentially overcoming challenges in treating cold tumors.
The BBMBR framework presents a promising new paradigm for cancer immunotherapy.