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Differences in Approach and Avoidance Motivation Sensitivities Predicting Participation and Performance in Strength

Kurtis Cusimano1, Paul Freeman1, Jason Moran1

  • 1Department of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester Campus, Colchester, United Kingdom; and.

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Strength athletes show higher behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral approach system (BAS) sensitivity. BAS drive and training years predict strength performance, suggesting implications for psychiatric treatment and athlete recruitment.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sports Science
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Gray's Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory posits individual differences stem from behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral approach system (BAS) sensitivities.
  • BIS regulates responses to aversive stimuli, while BAS governs responses to rewarding stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if BIS and BAS sensitivity predict participation and performance in strength sports.
  • To explore the relationship between motivational sensitivities and success in strength athletics.

Main Methods:

  • 177 strength athletes and 178 controls completed the BIS/BAS scale.
  • Strength athletes provided Wilks scores as a performance metric.
  • Independent t tests and hierarchical regression analyses were employed.

Main Results:

  • Strength athletes exhibited significantly higher BIS and total BAS sensitivity compared to controls.
  • Training years, BIS, and BAS drive uniquely predicted Wilks scores.
  • Age, sex, BAS fun seeking, and BAS reward responsiveness did not significantly predict performance.

Conclusions:

  • Higher reward sensitivity (total BAS) is linked to strength sport participation.
  • BAS drive is positively associated with strength sport performance.
  • Findings suggest potential applications in psychiatric treatment and talent identification in sports.