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Assel Nurmagambetova1,2, Vadim Mustyatsa3, Aleena Saidova3

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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) significantly alters cell shape and cytoskeleton dynamics. Microtubule organization and dynamics show the most substantial changes during EMT, impacting cell structure and behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Cytoskeleton dynamics
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)

Background:

  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) involves significant transcriptional and morphological changes.
  • Cytoskeletal dynamics during EMT are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate morphological and cytoskeletal changes in epithelial cells during EMT.
  • To analyze alterations in microtubules, stress fibers, and focal adhesions post-EMT.

Main Methods:

  • Induced EMT in MCF-7, HaCaT, and A-549 cell lines.
  • Utilized immunostaining and live cell imaging with microtubule and focal adhesion markers.
  • Analyzed changes in cell area, aspect ratio, and cytoskeletal component organization.

Main Results:

  • Cell area increased post-EMT; MCF-7 and A-549 cells elongated, HaCaT cells maintained aspect ratio.
  • Microtubule organization became radial with accelerated growth rate.
  • Actin stress fibers aligned longitudinally; focal adhesions decreased in area (cancer cells) and increased in number (HaCaT cells).

Conclusions:

  • EMT induces significant cytoskeletal rearrangements.
  • Microtubule regulation demonstrates the most pronounced dynamic changes during EMT.