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Comorbidities in congenital heart disease: different patterns in childhood and adulthood

Zhibao Ding1, Jingai Zhu2, Ye Ding3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Lishui City People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211200, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
|December 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have a higher comorbidity rate than adults. Perinatal diseases are common in children, while endocrine diseases are more prevalent in adults with CHD.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a significant health concern in pediatric and adult populations.
  • Limited research exists on the comorbidities associated with CHD in children.
  • Understanding comorbidity patterns is crucial for comprehensive patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence and types of comorbidities in children and adults with CHD.
  • To compare comorbidity patterns between pediatric and adult populations with CHD.
  • To identify common comorbidities across different CHD severity groups.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study utilizing data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) and MIMIC-IV databases.
  • Patient cohorts identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes.
  • Association rule analysis employed to explore relationships between CHD and comorbidities, using support, confidence, and lift metrics.

Main Results:

  • A total of 60,400 patients were analyzed; 13.79% of children and 1.54% of adults had CHD.
  • Comorbidity rates were higher in children (90.19%) compared to adults (56.68%) with CHD.
  • In children with CHD, the most frequent comorbidities were perinatal diseases (87.50%), circulatory system diseases, and endocrine diseases. In adults with CHD, circulatory system diseases (53.78%), endocrine diseases (35.76%), and respiratory system diseases (23.46%) were most common.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of comorbidities in children with CHD significantly exceeds that in adults.
  • Perinatal diseases are a primary comorbidity in pediatric CHD, while endocrine diseases are more prevalent in adults with CHD.
  • This study offers valuable insights into the distinct comorbidity profiles of pediatric and adult patients with CHD.
Abstract

Keywords:
AdultsAssociation rules analysisChildrenComorbiditiesCongenital heart disease

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