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Multi-Scale Modification of Metallic Implants With Pore Gradients, Polyelectrolytes and Their Indirect Monitoring In vivo
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Releasable, Immune-Instructive, Bioinspired Multilayer Coating Resists Implant-Induced Fibrosis while Accelerating

Riki Toita1,2, Masahiro Kitamura3,4, Akira Tsuchiya5

  • 1Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan.

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Summary

A novel surface coating releases phosphatidylserine liposomes (PSLs) to reprogram macrophages, effectively mitigating foreign body reactions (FBRs) and enhancing tissue regeneration around medical implants.

Keywords:
fibrosisforeign body reactionlayer-by-layermacrophagephosphatidylserine liposome

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Implantable biomaterials often elicit foreign body reactions (FBRs), leading to fibrotic encapsulation and hindering tissue regeneration.
  • Current treatments for FBRs can impede natural tissue repair processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an immunomodulatory surface coating that mitigates FBRs and promotes tissue healing.
  • To engineer an implant surface releasing apoptotic-mimetic phosphatidylserine liposomes (PSLs) to modulate macrophage response.

Main Methods:

  • Constructing PSL-multilayers on poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK) implant surfaces using a layer-by-layer method.
  • Assessing the impact of PSL-releasing coatings on FBRs, macrophage phenotype, and muscle regeneration in a rat model.

Main Results:

  • PSL-multilayer coatings significantly reduced fibrotic scarring and inflammatory infiltrates associated with FBRs.
  • The coatings successfully shifted macrophage populations from an inflammatory M1-like to an anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotype.
  • PSL-multilayered coatings demonstrated enhanced muscle regeneration compared to uncoated implants.

Conclusions:

  • PSL-multilayered coatings offer a promising strategy for eliminating FBRs and promoting regeneration around implantable biomaterials.
  • This approach provides a potent and broadly applicable solution for improving the performance and biocompatibility of medical devices.