Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

23.9K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
23.9K
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

3.8K
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
3.8K
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

184
Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
184
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

202
Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
202
2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

721
Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
721

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Understanding dielectric loss in water <i>via</i> distance-dependent dipole correlation functions.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Visualizing the Functional Dynamics of P-Glycoprotein and Its Modulation by Elacridar via High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Semi-automated modeling of reaction states in time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography using molecular dynamics sampled conformations.

Structural dynamics (Melville, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Flexible Fitting to Infer Atomistic-Precision Models of Large-Amplitude Conformational Dynamics in Biomolecules from High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging.

ACS nano·2025
Same author

Modeling Conformational Transitions of Biomolecules from Atomic Force Microscopy Images using Normal Mode Analysis.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2024
Same author

ResiDEM: Analytical Tool for Isomorphous Difference Electron Density Maps Utilizing Dynamic Residue Identification via Density Clustering.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2024
Same journal

Towards light-coupled sample preparation for time-resolved cryoEM studies.

IUCrJ·2026
Same journal

Cryo-EM analysis of cooperative conformational changes in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer.

IUCrJ·2026
Same journal

Towards time-resolved MicroED grid preparation using mix-and-inject gas dynamic virtual nozzles.

IUCrJ·2026
Same journal

How cryoEM has advanced our understanding of bacteriophages and bacteriocins targeting Clostridioides difficile.

IUCrJ·2026
Same journal

CryoEM structures reveal allosteric regulation of the catalytic activity of the multi-protein human MAT enzyme complexes.

IUCrJ·2026
Same journal

Cryo-EM-guided subtractive optimization of a novel VCP/p97 inhibitor.

IUCrJ·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2025

X-ray Powder Diffraction in Conservation Science: Towards Routine Crystal Structure Determination of Corrosion Products on Heritage Art Objects
09:16

X-ray Powder Diffraction in Conservation Science: Towards Routine Crystal Structure Determination of Corrosion Products on Heritage Art Objects

Published on: June 8, 2016

16.2K

Structure determination using high-order spatial correlations in single-particle X-ray scattering.

Wenyang Zhao1, Osamu Miyashita1, Miki Nakano1

  • 1Computational Structural Biology Research Team, RIKEN Center for Computational Science, 6-7-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.

Iucrj
|December 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new correlation-based method for 3D structure determination using X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) single-particle imaging. This technique reconstructs complex sample shapes from noisy diffraction data without prior knowledge, advancing nanoscale imaging.

Keywords:
3D reconstructionsX-ray free-electron lasersdetector noisediffraction patternssingle-particle X-ray scatteringsingle-particle imagingspatial correlationsstructure determination

More Related Videos

Combining X-Ray Crystallography with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering to Model Unstructured Regions of Nsa1 from S. Cerevisiae
09:15

Combining X-Ray Crystallography with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering to Model Unstructured Regions of Nsa1 from S. Cerevisiae

Published on: January 10, 2018

9.9K
Biochemical and Structural Characterization of the Carbohydrate Transport Substrate-binding-protein SP0092
08:53

Biochemical and Structural Characterization of the Carbohydrate Transport Substrate-binding-protein SP0092

Published on: October 2, 2017

30.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2025

X-ray Powder Diffraction in Conservation Science: Towards Routine Crystal Structure Determination of Corrosion Products on Heritage Art Objects
09:16

X-ray Powder Diffraction in Conservation Science: Towards Routine Crystal Structure Determination of Corrosion Products on Heritage Art Objects

Published on: June 8, 2016

16.2K
Combining X-Ray Crystallography with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering to Model Unstructured Regions of Nsa1 from S. Cerevisiae
09:15

Combining X-Ray Crystallography with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering to Model Unstructured Regions of Nsa1 from S. Cerevisiae

Published on: January 10, 2018

9.9K
Biochemical and Structural Characterization of the Carbohydrate Transport Substrate-binding-protein SP0092
08:53

Biochemical and Structural Characterization of the Carbohydrate Transport Substrate-binding-protein SP0092

Published on: October 2, 2017

30.1K

Area of Science:

  • Structural biology
  • Biophysics
  • X-ray imaging

Background:

  • Single-particle imaging with X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) enables nanoscale biological sample observation under near-physiological conditions.
  • Reconstructing 3D sample density requires advanced algorithms to determine unknown sample orientations in diffraction patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel ab initio method for 3D structure determination using correlation analysis of diffraction patterns.
  • To reconstruct the 3D structure of irregular, unsymmetric samples without prior information.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of double, triple, and quadruple spatial correlations in diffraction patterns.
  • Investigation and correction of background and noise impacts on correlation analysis.
  • Demonstration of processing incomplete diffraction patterns.

Main Results:

  • Successful ab initio 3D structure reconstruction of irregular samples from simulated XFEL data.
  • Correction strategies effectively mitigate the impact of noise and background on correlation-based reconstruction.
  • The method demonstrates feasibility with incomplete diffraction datasets.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed correlation-based method offers a robust approach for 3D reconstruction in XFEL single-particle imaging.
  • This technique enhances the processing of noisy and incomplete experimental data.
  • It is a valuable addition to existing algorithms, promoting XFEL imaging adoption.