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Measuring constitutional preferences: A new method for analyzing public consultation data.

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Analyzing public consultation data for constitutional design is challenging. This study introduces a new natural language processing methodology to classify citizen feedback on constitutional topics, enabling global comparisons.

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Area of Science:

  • Political Science
  • Computational Social Science
  • Constitutional Law

Background:

  • Public consultations are crucial for constitutional design but generate large, unstructured datasets.
  • Existing methods for analyzing this narrative data are limited and lack standardization.
  • The Comparative Constitutions Project (CCP) provides a reference ontology for constitutional topics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel methodology for analyzing public consultation data on constitutional topics.
  • To compare citizen concerns in public consultations with topics present in global constitutions.
  • To address the practical challenges of analyzing voluminous, narrative data from constitutional design processes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a comprehensive reference ontology from the Comparative Constitutions Project (CCP).
  • Applied natural language processing (NLP), specifically sentence-level semantic similarity, to classify consultation responses.
  • Analyzed a large dataset (265,000 responses) from Chile's 2016 public consultations.

Main Results:

  • Successfully classified citizen responses according to constitutional topics using NLP.
  • Enabled a comparison between topics prioritized by citizens and those in existing global constitutions.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of analyzing large-scale narrative data from public consultations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methodology offers a scalable and standardized approach to analyzing public consultation data.
  • This technique can reveal citizen priorities in constitutional design and facilitate cross-national comparisons.
  • The approach has significant implications for researchers, policymakers, and constitution drafters involved in public participation.