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Disorders of the Urinary System

Disorders of the Urinary System

The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...

Ureters

Ureters

The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...

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Cranberries for treating urinary tract infections.

Ruth G Jepson¹, Lara Mihaljevic², Jonathan C Craig³

¹Scottish Collaboration for Public Health Research and Policy (SCPHRP), Edinburgh, UK.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|December 14, 2023

Summary

Cranberry products are widely used for urinary tract infections (UTIs), but current research lacks high-quality evidence to support their effectiveness in treating these infections. More rigorous studies are needed to confirm any potential benefits.

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Area of Science:

Urology
Infectious Diseases
Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

Cranberries, particularly cranberry juice, have a long history of use for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (UTIs).
This review aimed to critically evaluate the scientific evidence supporting the efficacy of cranberry products in managing UTIs.

Approach:

A comprehensive search of the Cochrane Kidney and Transplant Register of Studies was conducted up to August 1, 2023.
Inclusion criteria focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs investigating cranberry juice or products for UTI treatment in all age groups.

Key Points:

No studies met all inclusion criteria for this review.
Seven studies were excluded due to inappropriate study design, mixed interventions, or irrelevant outcomes.
One ongoing study's status remains uncertain.

Conclusions:

Currently, there is a lack of robust scientific evidence from RCTs to confirm the effectiveness of cranberry juice for treating UTIs.
High-quality, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials are necessary to determine the true efficacy of cranberry products in UTI treatment.
Future research should assess symptom reduction, urine sterilization, side effects, adherence, dosage, and duration of therapy.