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How mangabey molar form differs under routine vs. fallback hard-object feeding regimes.

Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg1,2, Cameron Renteria3,4, Jack R Grimm3

  • 1Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America.

Peerj
|December 15, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys) molars exhibit superior fracture and wear resistance compared to grey-cheeked mangabey (Lophocebus albigena) molars. This difference is linked to routine hard-object feeding versus fallback strategies, aiding fossil primate dietary analysis.

Keywords:
DecussationDental anatomyEnamelFractureNanomechanical propertiesWear

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Area of Science:

  • Primate Paleontology
  • Dental Microwear Analysis
  • Paleoecology

Background:

  • Dietary fallback foods are crucial for primate dental anatomy evolution.
  • Thick enamel in grey-cheeked mangabeys (Lophocebus albigena) is linked to fallback hard seed consumption.
  • Sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) consume hard foods routinely, also possessing thick enamel, complicating interpretations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in enamel properties beyond thickness between Cercocebus atys and Lophocebus albigena.
  • To test the hypothesis that Cercocebus atys molars are more fracture and wear resistant due to routine hard-object feeding.

Main Methods:

  • Examined critical fracture loads, nanomechanical properties, and enamel decussation in Cercocebus atys and Lophocebus albigena molars.
  • Included molars from Cercopithecus (not a hard-object feeder) for comparative analysis.
  • Utilized micro-computed tomography (µCT) for fracture load estimation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for enamel structure.

Main Results:

  • Cercocebus atys molars showed significantly greater critical fracture loads than Lophocebus albigena and Cercopithecus.
  • Nanomechanical properties (elastic modulus, hardness) were higher in Cercocebus atys, especially in outer enamel.
  • Cercocebus atys enamel exhibited more complex decussation patterns compared to the other two taxa.

Conclusions:

  • Cercocebus atys molars possess enhanced fracture and wear resistance, supporting the hypothesis of adaptation to routine hard-object feeding.
  • Differences in enamel properties between the two mangabey species clarify the link between feeding strategies and dental anatomy.
  • Findings provide a basis for inferring diet in fossil primates, distinguishing between fallback and routine hard-object consumption.