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Efficient second-harmonic generation based on off-Γ merging bound states in the continuum.

Shiwen Chen, Xiaoyu Dai, Yuanjiang Xiang

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    Researchers engineered ultracompact devices for second-harmonic generation (SHG) using a novel bound state in the continuum (BIC) in lithium niobate. This approach significantly enhances efficiency and reduces losses for advanced photonic applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Materials Science
    • Nanotechnology and Metasurfaces

    Background:

    • Ultracompact devices for second-harmonic generation (SHG) are crucial for various applications.
    • Existing nanostructures often suffer from radiative and scattering losses, limiting performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel approach for enhancing SHG efficiency in ultracompact devices.
    • To leverage bound states in the continuum (BICs) for improved performance in nonlinear optical applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Engineered a merging bound state in the continuum (BIC) at an off-Γ point in reciprocal space.
    • Utilized anisotropic lithium niobate materials for device fabrication.
    • Investigated the impact of BIC on radiative loss, scattering loss, and quality factor.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a significant reduction in radiative and scattering losses.
    • Demonstrated a substantial enhancement in the quality factor of the nanostructure.
    • Obtained a noteworthy SHG efficiency of 3.7% at an incident angle of 10° with a pump intensity of 2 kW/cm².

    Conclusions:

    • The merging BIC in lithium niobate offers a promising route to high-performance, ultracompact SHG devices.
    • This research validates the use of nanoengineering principles on traditional nonlinear crystals for advanced metadevices.
    • The developed approach outperforms alternative nanostructures for SHG applications.