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[Exertion-induced anaphylaxis].

W J Pichler, C E Pichler, A Helbing

    Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
    |January 3, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Exercise-induced anaphylaxis is a distinct physical allergy with symptoms like hives and swelling. Management involves avoiding triggers, modifying exercise, and prompt treatment with epinephrine for severe reactions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Allergy and Immunology
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Dermatology

    Background:

    • Exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIA) is a rare condition presenting as a distinct physical allergy.
    • Understanding EIA is crucial for differentiating it from other physical allergies like exercise-induced asthma and cholinergic urticaria.

    Observation:

    • Symptoms of EIA typically manifest 5-30 minutes into exercise, including pruritus, warmth, urticaria, and angioedema.
    • Severe cases can involve laryngeal edema, respiratory distress, gastrointestinal symptoms, and collapse.
    • EIA symptoms are often triggered irregularly, suggesting multifactorial mechanisms involving food, medications (e.g., aspirin), and environmental factors.

    Findings:

    • In 80% of cases, patients had an atopic diathesis, but no specific allergen was identified.

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  • EIA symptoms can persist for up to 48 hours, distinguishing them from the shorter duration of cholinergic urticaria.
  • A case demonstrated co-occurrence of cholinergic urticaria and EIA, highlighting distinct triggers and durations.

    • Implications:

    • Therapeutic strategies for EIA include avoiding cofactors, adjusting training regimens, and immediate cessation of exercise upon symptom onset.
    • Antihistamines and ketotifen may be used for frequent attacks, while acute anaphylactoid reactions require epinephrine and supportive care.
    • Further research into the multifactorial triggers of EIA is warranted for improved prevention and management strategies.