Evaluation of trace elements in human lung tissue. III. Correspondence analysis

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Toxicology
• Human Physiology

Background:

• Human lung tissue accumulates various trace elements.
• Understanding trace element distribution is crucial for assessing environmental exposure and health impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the distribution and correlation of 22 trace elements in human lung tissue.
• To investigate age-related changes in trace element concentrations and their potential sources.

Main Methods:

• Correspondence analysis, a multivariate statistical technique, was employed.
• Concentrations of 22 trace elements were measured in 13 lung segments from eight individuals.
• Principal component analysis was used to identify patterns in element distribution.

Main Results:

• Sample groups were identified that correlated with the age of the individuals.
• The influence of elements such as Bromine (Br), Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Cesium (Cs), Lead (Pb), Scandium (Sc), Selenium (Se), and Vanadium (V) on grouping was significant.
• A decrease in cluster firmness was observed with increasing age.
• Elements like Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Antimony (Sb), Scandium (Sc), and Vanadium (V) showed long biological half-lives, while Zinc (Zn) and Potassium (K) were readily eliminated.

Conclusions:

• Trace element distribution in lungs is influenced by age and likely by inhaled particulate matter.
• Specific elements are retained longer in lung tissue, suggesting different biological behaviors and exposure pathways.