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Lignin/PVA hydrogel with enhanced structural stability for cationic dye removal.

Seungoh Jung¹, Heecheol Yun¹, Jungkyu Kim¹

¹Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

|December 15, 2023

Summary

This study developed a lignin-based hydrogel for wastewater treatment. The novel kraft lignin (KL)-poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel effectively removes cationic dyes like methylene blue and crystal violet.

Keywords:

Dye removal Kraft lignin Poly (vinyl alcohol)

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Environmental Science
Polymer Chemistry

Background:

Wastewater treatment requires efficient and stable adsorbent materials.
Lignin, a renewable biopolymer, offers potential for developing novel materials.
Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels are versatile but can lack structural integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

To prepare and characterize a lignin-based hydrogel for effective wastewater treatment.
To investigate the structural stability and adsorption properties of the developed hydrogel.
To explore the influence of poly (vinyl alcohol) molecular weight on hydrogel performance.

Main Methods:

Incorporation of kraft lignin (KL) into a poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix.
Physicochemical crosslinking using freeze-thaw cycles and chemical reactions.
Characterization of hydrogel properties, including compressive strength and dye adsorption.
Kinetic and isotherm modeling of methylene blue (MB) adsorption.

Main Results:

The KL-PVA hydrogel exhibited enhanced compressive strength due to crosslinking and KL reinforcement.
The hydrogel demonstrated high adsorption efficiency for cationic dyes (MB and CV), reaching 193.8 mg/g for MB.
Adsorption mechanisms included electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonding, and π-π stacking.
Optimized PVA molecular weight improved KL content and prevented lignin leakage.

Conclusions:

The developed KL-PVA hydrogel is a structurally stable and effective adsorbent for cationic dyes in wastewater.
The material shows significant potential for environmental remediation applications.
Tailoring PVA molecular weight is crucial for optimizing hydrogel performance and stability.