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Development of Human-Derived Photocrosslinkable Gelatin Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering.

Mine Altunbek1, Mert Gezek1,2, Paige Buck1,2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States.

Biomacromolecules
|December 15, 2023
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Summary

This study developed human-derived gelatin methacryloyl (hGelGMA) hydrogels for tissue engineering. These tunable biomaterials support cell viability and growth, offering a promising platform for regenerative medicine applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Hydrogels serve as biomimetic matrices for tissue regeneration, with their source critically influencing cell behavior.
  • Naturally derived matrices offer biological cues and can reduce risks associated with animal-derived materials.
  • Human-derived matrices are advantageous for mitigating immune responses and disease transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop photocrosslinkable human-derived gelatin methacryloyl (hGelGMA) hydrogels.
  • To investigate the impact of varying degrees of glycidyl methacrylate modification on hydrogel properties.
  • To assess the cytocompatibility and cellular response within these engineered hydrogels for tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized hGelGMA hydrogels with low, medium, and high degrees of modification (hGelGMA-L, hGelGMA-M, hGelGMA-H).
  • Characterized hydrogel properties including network density, pore size, porosity, swelling ratio, enzymatic degradation, and mechanical strength (compressive moduli).
  • Evaluated in vitro cytocompatibility using 3D encapsulation of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).

Main Results:

  • Increased modification degree proportionally increased polymer network density, leading to decreased pore size, porosity, swelling ratio, and slower degradation.
  • Mechanical properties improved with higher modification, with compressive moduli ranging from 2.9 kPa (hGelGMA-L) to 26.4 kPa (hGelGMA-H).
  • All hGelGMA formulations maintained high cell viability and supported HDF and hMSC growth and proliferation, with differential metabolic activity observed based on modification degree.

Conclusions:

  • Photocrosslinkable hGelGMA hydrogels can be synthesized with tunable physical properties by adjusting the degree of glycidyl methacrylate modification.
  • These human-derived hydrogels exhibit excellent cytocompatibility and support cellular functions, making them suitable for diverse tissue engineering applications.
  • The distinct fine-tuning capabilities of hGelGMA hydrogels position them as a versatile biomaterial for regenerative medicine strategies.