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A Platform of Anti-biofilm Assays Suited to the Exploration of Natural Compound Libraries
Published on: December 27, 2016
A comprehensive guide on screening and selection of a suitable AMP against biofilm-forming bacteria
Ananya Anurag Anand1, Ayush Amod1, Sarfraz Anwar2
1Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India.
Abstract:
Lately, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasing at an exponential rate making it important to search alternatives to antibiotics in order to combat multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. Out of the several antibacterial and antibiofilm strategies being tested, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have shown to give better hopes in terms of a long-lasting solution to the problem. To select a desired AMP, it is important to make right use of available tools and databases that aid in identification, classification, and analysis of the physiochemical properties of AMPs. To identify the targets of these AMPs, it becomes crucial to understand their mode-of-action. AMPs can also be used in combination with other antibacterial and antibiofilm agents so as to achieve enhanced efficacy against bacteria and their biofilms. Due to concerns regarding toxicity, stability, and bioavailability, strategizing drug formulation at an early-stage becomes crucial. Although there are few concerns regarding development of bacterial resistance to AMPs, the evolution of resistance to AMPs occurs extremely slowly. This comprehensive review gives a deep insight into the selection of the right AMP, deciding the right target and combination strategy along with the type of formulation needed, and the possible resistance that bacteria can develop to these AMPs.
Insights
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer a promising alternative to antibiotics for combating drug-resistant bacteria. This review guides the selection, targeting, and formulation of AMPs, noting slow bacterial resistance development.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Drug Discovery and Development
Background:
- Rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) necessitates novel therapeutic strategies beyond conventional antibiotics.
- Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections pose a significant global health threat.
- Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are emerging as a viable alternative due to their potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review on the strategic selection, targeting, and formulation of AMPs.
- To discuss the potential of AMPs as a long-lasting solution against MDR bacterial infections.
- To explore combination strategies and potential bacterial resistance mechanisms against AMPs.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on AMPs, including their identification, classification, and physiochemical properties.
- Analysis of AMPs' mode-of-action and target identification.
- Evaluation of combination therapies, formulation strategies, and resistance development.
Main Results:
- AMPs demonstrate significant potential as antibacterial and antibiofilm agents.
- Effective selection and targeting of AMPs are crucial for optimal efficacy.
- Early-stage formulation strategies are vital to address concerns like toxicity, stability, and bioavailability.
- Bacterial resistance to AMPs evolves slowly compared to conventional antibiotics.
Conclusions:
- Antimicrobial peptides represent a promising avenue for combating MDR bacterial infections.
- Strategic utilization of tools, databases, and combination therapies can enhance AMP effectiveness.
- Careful consideration of formulation and potential resistance is essential for successful clinical translation.
