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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum
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A single tDCS session can enhance numerical competence.

Maryam Hussain1, Nick J Davis2, Yael Benn2

  • 1School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6GX, United Kingdom.

Neuropsychologia
|December 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A single session of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) improved numerical skills in healthy adults. This approach offers a promising, accessible intervention for numeracy difficulties, potentially benefiting those with mobility issues.

Keywords:
Number line taskNumerical cognitionNumerical enhancementNumerical stroop taskTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neurorehabilitation

Background:

  • Numeracy skills are crucial, yet interventions for difficulties are limited.
  • Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) shows potential for improving numerical skills.
  • Current tDCS protocols require multiple sessions, limiting accessibility and increasing risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a single tDCS session followed by self-practice can enhance numerical skills.
  • To assess the feasibility of a simplified tDCS intervention for numeracy improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Nineteen healthy adults received either active tDCS (anodal right, cathodal left parietal lobes) or sham stimulation.
  • Participants implicitly learned symbol-magnitude associations.
  • Numerical proficiency and automaticity were measured using number-to-space and numerical Stroop tasks.

Main Results:

  • Single-session tDCS significantly improved accuracy on number-to-space tasks.
  • No significant effect was observed on the numerical Stroop task's congruity effect, suggesting automaticity requires more practice.
  • Results indicate potential for tDCS in enhancing specific numerical abilities.

Conclusions:

  • A single session of tDCS, combined with self-practice, can enhance numerical skills.
  • This method presents a more accessible and potentially safer alternative to multi-session tDCS protocols.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effects and applicability to clinical populations.