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Related Experiment Video

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Episodic memory during middle childhood: What is developing?

Panyuan Guo1, Emma Carey1, Kate Plaisted-Grant1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Episodic memory, encompassing item, spatial, and temporal details, continues developing throughout childhood. All aspects of memory mature in parallel, supported by binding and control processes.

Keywords:
Associative memoryCognitive developmentEpisodic memoryRetrieval abilityTreasure Hunt taskWhat–where–when memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Previous research focused on early childhood episodic memory development.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding memory development in middle and late childhood.
  • Varied methodologies obscure the trajectory of episodic memory during these years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of episodic memory components in children aged 6-12 years.
  • To examine the development of item, location, temporal order, and integrated what-where-when (WWW) memory.
  • To understand the underlying processes contributing to episodic memory maturation.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed memory for item, location, temporal order, and WWW information using the Treasure Hunt task.
  • Utilized two task versions with varying retrieval support, keeping encoding consistent.
  • Studied 84 children aged 6 to 12 years.

Main Results:

  • Episodic memory showed continued linear development from ages 6 to 12.
  • Improvements were observed across item, spatial, temporal, and WWW memory components.
  • Development was supported by associative binding and strategic control processes.

Conclusions:

  • Episodic memory development is not driven by a single component but involves parallel maturation of all aspects.
  • Both associative binding and strategic control are crucial for memory development during this period.
  • Findings clarify the protracted development of episodic memory through childhood.