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Somatosensation

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

The Crossmodal Congruency Task as a Means to Obtain an Objective Behavioral Measure in the Rubber Hand Illusion Paradigm

The Crossmodal Congruency Task as a Means to Obtain an Objective Behavioral Measure in the Rubber Hand Illusion Paradigm

Published on: July 26, 2013

Brain-inspired bodily self-perception model for robot rubber hand illusion.

Yuxuan Zhao¹, Enmeng Lu¹, Yi Zeng^1,2,3,4,5

¹Brain-inspired Cognitive Intelligence Lab, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

Patterns (New York, N.Y.)

|December 18, 2023

Summary

This study introduces a novel brain-inspired model for bodily self-perception, explaining body ownership illusions like the rubber hand illusion (RHI) through autonomous neuronal interactions. The model successfully replicates experimental data, offering computational insights into self-consciousness mechanisms.

Keywords:

biological mechanism biological plausibility bodily self-consciousness brain-inspired model computational mechanism multisensory integration rubber hand illusion spatial statistics

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

The Crossmodal Congruency Task as a Means to Obtain an Objective Behavioral Measure in the Rubber Hand Illusion Paradigm

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Published on: July 26, 2013

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Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

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Published on: March 1, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Robotics

Background:

Bodily self-consciousness relies on perceiving body ownership.
The mechanisms behind body illusions, such as the rubber hand illusion (RHI), lack comprehensive computational explanations, particularly from connectionist viewpoints.
Existing models often neglect the integration of disability-related experiments.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a brain-inspired computational model for autonomous bodily self-perception.
To provide a connectionist explanation for how the brain encodes body perception and generates illusions.
To integrate biological findings and disability experiments into a unified model.

Main Methods:

Development of a novel, unsupervised, brain-inspired model for self-perception.
Validation through six rubber hand illusion (RHI) experiments.
Testing with a disability experiment on an iCub humanoid robot and in simulated environments.

Main Results:

The model successfully replicated behavioral and neural data from biological experiments on monkeys.
The model provided neuronal-level explanations for the causes and outcomes of RHI.
Autonomous construction of bodily self-perception without supervision signals was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

The proposed model offers a robust computational framework for understanding bodily self-consciousness and illusions.
It bridges the gap between theoretical models and empirical data in neuroscience and cognitive science.
The model's success in replicating RHI and disability experiments highlights its potential for advancing research in self-perception and artificial intelligence.