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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments

Published on: April 30, 2021

Microphysiological systems for solid tumor immunotherapy: opportunities and challenges.

Sara Abizanda-Campo^1,2,3,4,5,6, María Virumbrales-Muñoz^2,7, Mouhita Humayun⁸

¹Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA.

Microsystems & Nanoengineering

|December 18, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Immunotherapy faces challenges in solid tumors due to immunosuppressive microenvironments. Microphysiological systems (MPSs) offer a promising approach to study and overcome these barriers for effective cancer treatment.

Keywords:

Engineering Nanofluidics

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Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Published on: June 7, 2018

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Published on: February 25, 2020

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments

Published on: April 30, 2021

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Published on: June 7, 2018

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Published on: February 25, 2020

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Biotechnology

Background:

Immunotherapy is more effective against hematologic tumors than solid tumors.
Solid tumors create immunosuppressive microenvironments (hypoxia, acidic pH, waste accumulation) that hinder immune cells like cytotoxic T and natural killer cells.
Tumor-infiltrating cells (fibroblasts, macrophages, T regulatory cells) further suppress anti-tumor immunity and promote immune evasion.

Purpose of the Study:

To review microphysiological systems (MPSs) for studying tumor microenvironments and immuno-oncology.
To highlight the potential of MPSs in evaluating novel immunotherapies for solid tumors.
To discuss challenges and opportunities in utilizing MPSs for cancer immunotherapy research.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on microphysiological platforms for immuno-oncology.
Analysis of how microfluidic devices recapitulate tumor complexity.
Discussion of applications in deciphering immune cell-tumor interactions and evaluating immunotherapies.

Main Results:

Microphysiological systems (MPSs) are emerging as versatile tools to model complex tumor microenvironments.
MPSs can help elucidate mechanisms of immune cell cytotoxicity, exhaustion, and exclusion in solid tumors.
Specific examples of MPSs in immunotherapy evaluation are still limited but show significant potential.

Conclusions:

Microphysiological systems (MPSs) hold promise for advancing solid tumor immunotherapy research.
Further development and application of MPSs are crucial for overcoming tumor immune evasion.
MPSs can accelerate the development and evaluation of new immunotherapeutic strategies.