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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
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Solvents01:12

Solvents

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A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Engineering an All-Biobased Solvent- and Styrene-Free Curable Resin.

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This study presents a novel, all-biobased curable resin derived from renewable resources. The developed sustainable polymer offers excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties, providing an eco-friendly alternative to conventional resins.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Growing demand for sustainable materials to address climate change.
  • Need for alternatives to conventional curable resins containing harmful chemicals like bisphenol-A and styrene.
  • Importance of renewable feedstocks, such as biomass, for eco-friendly polymer production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and fabricate an all-biobased curable resin.
  • To replace conventional resins with a healthier and environmentally benign alternative.
  • To demonstrate the potential for industrial applications of sustainable polymers.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a polyester component using fumaric acid, itaconic acid, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, and 1,4-butanediol.
  • Inclusion of reactive diluents for solvent and viscosity control.
  • Solvent-free processing to enhance industrial applicability.

Main Results:

  • The cured biobased resin exhibits high thermal stability (up to 415 °C).
  • Demonstrated resistance to deformation with a Young's modulus of approximately 775 MPa.
  • Showcased chemical resistance through swelling index and gel content analysis.

Conclusions:

  • An all-biobased curable resin was successfully prepared and fabricated using a solvent-free method.
  • The resin possesses excellent thermal, mechanical, and chemical properties.
  • The developed biobased resin offers a sustainable and tailorable solution for various industrial applications.