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Exerkines and osteoarthritis.

Shuangshuo Jia1, Ziyao Yu2, Lunhao Bai1

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|December 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Exercise-secreted proteins called exerkines play a dual role in osteoarthritis (OA) management. Some exerkines offer therapeutic benefits, while others can worsen the condition, impacting joint cells.

Keywords:
adipokinecardiokineexerciseexerkinemyokineosteoarthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease managed with physical exercise.
  • Exerkines are cytokines released during exercise, acting via endocrine, paracrine, or autocrine pathways.
  • Tissue-specific exerkines like myokines, cardiokines, and adipokines are implicated in OA exercise therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of tissue-specific exerkines in osteoarthritis.
  • To explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms of exerkine action in OA.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating exerkine effects in OA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent findings on exerkines and OA.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in exerkine action.
  • Categorization of exerkines based on their therapeutic or detrimental effects in OA.

Main Results:

  • Identified beneficial exerkines (e.g., irisin, adiponectin) and detrimental exerkines (e.g., IL-6, GDF-15) in OA.
  • Exerkines influence chondrocytes, synoviocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells, affecting apoptosis, pyroptosis, inflammation, chondrogenesis, and senescence.
  • Adipokines show particular promise for OA intervention through modulation of intra-articular cells.

Conclusions:

  • Tissue-specific exerkines significantly impact osteoarthritis.
  • Understanding exerkine mechanisms offers novel therapeutic strategies for OA.
  • Targeting exerkine pathways, especially adipokines, presents a promising future for OA interventions.