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Brain Atrophy and Physical and Cognitive Disability in Multiple Sclerosis.

Luis Ignacio Casanova Peño1, Carlos López De Silanes De Miguel1, Laura de Torres1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Torrejón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
|December 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain atrophy, measured by gray matter volume and T2 lesion load, correlates with physical disability in multiple sclerosis patients. Cognitive function was not significantly linked to brain volumes in this study.

Keywords:
Brain atrophyCognitive dysfunctionDisease progressionMagnetic resonance imagingMultiple sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Brain atrophy is a known correlate of physical disability in multiple sclerosis (MS), but its clinical application is limited.
  • Variability in study methodologies hinders consistent use of brain atrophy in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between volumetric brain measurements and physical disability and cognitive functioning in MS patients within a clinical setting.
  • To assess the feasibility of brain atrophy measurement in routine clinical practice for monitoring MS progression.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study including 41 MS patients across different phenotypes.
  • Utilized Icometrix software for Whole Brain Volume (WBV), Gray Matter Volume (GMV), and T2 Lesion Load (T2L) quantification.
  • Assessed physical disability using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and cognitive function with the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (BRB-N).

Main Results:

  • Gray matter volume (GMV) showed associations with age and physical disability (EDSS).
  • T2 lesion load (T2L) was significantly associated with physical disability (EDSS).
  • No significant correlations were found between cognitive impairment and cerebral volumes; however, cognitive dysfunction was more prevalent in the primary progressive MS phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • Brain atrophy measurements, including GMV and T2L, are feasible and valuable in a clinical setting for monitoring physical disability progression in MS.
  • The primary progressive MS phenotype is linked to an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction.