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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

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Overview
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
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[SARS-CoV-2 infection and autoimmunity].

Almut Meyer-Bahlburg1

  • 1Pädiatrische Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, KöR, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland. almut.meyer-bahlburg@med.uni-greifswald.de.

Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections can trigger autoimmune responses, leading to increased autoantibodies and new autoimmune diseases. This review explores these connections and potential therapeutic strategies for post-COVID conditions.

Keywords:
AutoantibodiesAutoimmune diseasesAutoimmune virusPlasmapheresisPost-COVID

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Pathogenesis

Context:

  • The early COVID-19 pandemic identified SARS-CoV-2 as a potential trigger for autoimmune conditions.
  • Numerous studies report elevated autoantibody levels and autoimmune phenomena post-SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Purpose:

  • To review the significant aspects and studies concerning autoantibodies in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To discuss the role of autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of post-COVID conditions.
  • To present potential therapeutic consequences derived from these findings.

Summary:

  • SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked to an increased incidence of autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases.
  • Autoantibodies can affect the severity of COVID-19 and manifest new autoimmune disorders.
  • The review examines the role of autoantibodies in post-COVID pathogenesis and therapeutic implications.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of the autoimmune implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Highlights the connection between viral infections and the development of autoimmune diseases.
  • Informs potential therapeutic interventions for autoimmune conditions arising post-COVID.