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Multimodal lifestyle engagement patterns support cognitive stability beyond neuropathological burden
Emily W Paolillo1, Rowan Saloner2, Anna VandeBunte2
1Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. Emily.Paolillo@ucsf.edu.
Alzheimer'S Research & Therapy
|December 19, 2023
Summary
Engaging in balanced lifestyle behaviors, including physical activity and social engagement, is linked to slower cognitive decline and reduced dementia risk in older adults. Multidomain lifestyle patterns are crucial for maintaining cognitive health.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Gerontology
- Public Health
Background:
- Modifiable lifestyle factors significantly influence dementia risk.
- Previous research often examined lifestyle behaviors in isolation, neglecting combined effects on cognitive aging.
- Neuropathological correlates of multidomain lifestyle patterns and cognitive decline remain underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify distinct lifestyle behavior patterns among older adults.
- To investigate the association between these lifestyle patterns and neuropathological burden.
- To determine the impact of lifestyle patterns on cognitive decline and clinical progression.
Main Methods:
- Latent profile analysis of lifestyle factors (physical activity, sleep, social, cognitive engagement) in 2059 older adults.
- Examination of associations between lifestyle classes and neuropathology (Alzheimer's, cerebrovascular disease) in a subset (n=791).
- Linear mixed-effects models assessed cognitive trajectories and incident mild cognitive impairment/dementia rates across lifestyle classes.
Main Results:
- Five distinct lifestyle patterns were identified, including 'Balanced' and 'Social' engagement classes.
- The 'Balanced' and 'Social' classes showed the lowest Alzheimer's disease burden.
- Individuals in higher engagement lifestyle classes experienced significantly slower cognitive decline and lower rates of incident mild cognitive impairment/dementia.
Conclusions:
- Multidomain lifestyle patterns significantly predict cognitive aging trajectories and clinical progression in older adults.
- Consistent engagement across multiple lifestyle domains, particularly balanced and social activities, is associated with enhanced cognitive stability.
- Promoting comprehensive healthy lifestyle behaviors is vital for preserving cognitive health in later life.
Keywords:
AgingDementiaExerciseLatent profilesLife spaceMild cognitive impairmentNeuropathologyNeuropsychologySleepSocial activityMore Related Videos
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