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Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells
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HIV and type 2 diabetes: An evolving story.

Harriet Daultrey1, Tom Levett1, Nick Oliver2

  • 1Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.

HIV Medicine
|December 19, 2023
PubMed
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People living with HIV (PLWH) face a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Current guidelines should not restrict HbA1c screening for diabetes in PLWH, who require annual screening.

Keywords:
HIVHbA1cdiagnosistype 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Diabetes is more prevalent in people living with HIV (PLWH), with data largely from the early HIV era.
  • Clinical guidelines recommend diabetes screening for PLWH on antiretroviral therapy (ART).
  • Discrepancies exist in international guidelines regarding the optimal glycaemic marker for diabetes screening in PLWH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between HIV and type 2 diabetes over time.
  • To examine the evidence regarding HbA1c discrepancies in PLWH.
  • To provide recommendations for diabetes screening in PLWH.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing studies on HIV and type 2 diabetes.
  • Analysis of evidence on HbA1c underestimation in PLWH.
  • Synthesis of current international HIV clinical guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests HbA1c may underestimate glycaemia in PLWH.
  • There is no clear basis to restrict HbA1c screening for diabetes based on HIV status.
  • Annual diabetes screening for PLWH is recommended, aligning with national guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • International guidelines should not restrict HbA1c screening for diabetes in PLWH.
  • Annual diabetes screening for PLWH is advised, consistent with general population guidelines.
  • Further research is needed on the phenotype and natural history of type 2 diabetes in diverse PLWH populations.