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Biomarkers in cluster headache: A systematic review
Marie-Louise K Søborg1, Rigmor H Jensen1,2, Mads Barloese2,3
1The Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
This systematic review found inconsistent and non-specific biomarkers for cluster headache. While some markers like cortisol and calcitonin gene-related peptide show potential, none uniquely identify cluster headache.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Biochemistry
- Systematic Reviews
Background:
- Cluster headache presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
- Identifying reliable biomarkers is crucial for diagnosis and treatment targeting.
Approach:
- Systematic review of 40 studies (832 patients, 872 controls) examining 80 biomarkers in bodily fluids.
- Searched PubMed and EMBASE; followed PRISMA guidelines; assessed risk of bias using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Key Points:
- Cortisol levels were frequently elevated in cluster headache patients.
- Interleukin 1 findings were inconsistent.
- Calcitonin gene-related peptide levels were consistently elevated during attacks.
Conclusions:
- Current biomarker research for cluster headache lacks specificity and consistency.
- Identified biomarkers may reflect disease activity but do not clearly distinguish cluster headache from other conditions.
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