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Dry eye in mind: Exploring the relationship between sleep and ocular surface diseases
Maurizio Rolando1, Dario Arnaldi2,3, Antonino Minervino4
1Ocular Surface and Dry Eye Center, University of Genoa & Is.Pre Oftalmica, Genoa, Italy.
European Journal of Ophthalmology
|December 19, 2023
Summary
Dry Eye Disease (DED) severity correlates with insomnia. More severe dry eye symptoms and signs are linked to worse insomnia in patients, particularly nocturnal awakenings.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Sleep Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Dry Eye Disease (DED) is a prevalent ocular surface condition impacting patient well-being.
- The relationship between DED and sleep quality is gaining attention, suggesting a reciprocal connection.
- Understanding this link is crucial for managing DED patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between Dry Eye Disease and sleep quality.
- To analyze this association using both survey data and instrumental measurements.
- To assess the impact of insomnia severity on DED symptoms and signs in a large patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 1182 Dry Eye Disease patients.
- Utilized Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaires.
- Collected physician-assessed data on tear break-up time (TBUT) and ocular surface staining (OSS).
Main Results:
- A significant association was found between the severity of DED symptoms/signs and insomnia severity.
- Higher OSDI scores, reduced TBUT, and increased OSS correlated with worse insomnia.
- DED severity was more strongly linked to nocturnal awakenings than to difficulty falling asleep.
Conclusions:
- This study confirms a complex relationship between Dry Eye Disease and insomnia.
- In DED patients, increased insomnia severity corresponds to more severe DED symptoms and clinical signs.
- Findings highlight the importance of addressing sleep disturbances in DED management.
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