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Obstetric pulmonary embolism and long-term cardiovascular symptoms: a cross-sectional study in Western Mexico
America Aime Corona Gutierrez1,2, Elvira Sarahi Michelle Rosas Gomez1,2, Eva Elizabet Camarena Pulido1,2
1Obstetrics Department, Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I Menchaca, Guadalajara, Mexico.
Objectives:
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is an important cause of maternal mortality. There are several guidelines for its diagnosis and management, but there is little information regarding follow-up and frequency of long-term complications. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of long-term cardiovascular symptoms in patients who had obstetric PE.
Methods:
Cross-sectional study including patients who had PE during pregnancy or the puerperium. A telephone interview was conducted at least one year after PE, to determine the frequency of cardiovascular symptoms, general health, and COVID-19 infection, considering the study was conducted during the 2020 pandemic.
Results:
In five years (2015-2019) there were eleven patients with PE, two died during the acute phase, and the rest (nine) were alive and able to answer our interview. Cardiovascular symptoms were common (6, 67 %), the most frequent were fatigue, edema, and mild dyspnea. Four patients (44 %) had slight limitation of physical activity and one (11 %) had PE recurrence. Of the six symptomatic patients four had obesity and one was overweight.
Conclusions:
There is a high frequency of long-term cardiovascular symptoms in patients who had PE during pregnancy or the puerperium. Stronger evidence is needed to design a long-term care pathway after obstetric PE.
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