Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heritability01:06

Heritability

203
Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
203
X-linked Traits01:19

X-linked Traits

54.9K
In most mammalian species, females have two X sex chromosomes and males have an X and Y. As a result, mutations on the X chromosome in females may be masked by the presence of a normal allele on the second X. In contrast, a mutation on the X chromosome in males more often causes observable biological defects, as there is no normal X to compensate. Trait variations arising from mutations on the X chromosome are called “X-linked”.
54.9K
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

33.5K
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
33.5K
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

17.5K
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
17.5K
Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

47.0K
Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
47.0K
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

15.5K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
15.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Patterns and drivers of 43,617 mosaic chromosomal alterations in blood.

Nature genetics·2026
Same author

Multi-resolution modeling of a discrete stochastic process identifies causes of cancer.

... International Conference on Learning Representations·2026
Same author

The DNA virome varies with human genes and environments.

Nature·2026
Same author

Genetic Prediction of Circulating Lipoprotein(a) Levels in Diverse Populations.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Human and bacterial genetic variation shape oral microbiomes and health.

Nature·2026
Same author

Insights into DNA repeat expansions among 900,000 biobank participants.

Nature·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Author Spotlight: Characterizing DNA Replication of Pathogenic Repeats to Uncover Mechanisms of Replication Fork Stalling and Expansion
05:22

Author Spotlight: Characterizing DNA Replication of Pathogenic Repeats to Uncover Mechanisms of Replication Fork Stalling and Expansion

Published on: September 13, 2024

778

Uncovering complex trait heritability hidden in the repeatome.

Po-Ru Loh1

  • 1Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Cell Genomics
|December 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Short tandem repeats (STRs) significantly contribute to human genetic variation. A new study identifies numerous STRs influencing blood and serum traits, revealing their role in complex human phenotypes.

More Related Videos

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement
08:06

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement

Published on: January 19, 2017

8.5K
Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis
10:08

Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis

Published on: August 12, 2019

17.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Author Spotlight: Characterizing DNA Replication of Pathogenic Repeats to Uncover Mechanisms of Replication Fork Stalling and Expansion
05:22

Author Spotlight: Characterizing DNA Replication of Pathogenic Repeats to Uncover Mechanisms of Replication Fork Stalling and Expansion

Published on: September 13, 2024

778
Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement
08:06

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement

Published on: January 19, 2017

8.5K
Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis
10:08

Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis

Published on: August 12, 2019

17.2K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Genomics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Short tandem repeats (STRs) represent a significant source of human genetic variation.
  • The impact of STRs on complex human phenotypes remains largely unexplored.
  • Understanding STRs' role is crucial for deciphering genetic contributions to disease.

Discussion:

  • Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) and fine-mapping were employed to investigate STRs.
  • The UK Biobank dataset provided a large cohort for robust statistical power.
  • This approach allows for the identification of specific STR loci associated with phenotypic variation.

Key Insights:

  • Numerous STRs were identified as potentially influencing blood and serum traits.
  • STRs are confirmed to play a role in the genetic architecture of quantitative traits.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering STRs in genetic association studies.

Outlook:

  • Further research can explore the functional mechanisms by which these STRs affect traits.
  • Integrating STR data into GWAS can improve the understanding of complex disease heritability.
  • These findings pave the way for personalized medicine approaches based on STR profiles.