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Endocrine Disruptors and Estrogens in Human Prostatic Tissue.

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This study developed a new method to detect endocrine disruptors (EDs) and hormones in prostate tissue. Propylparaben and methylparaben were frequently found, highlighting potential ED impacts on prostate health.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Endocrinology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are environmental chemicals interfering with hormonal systems.
  • EDs may adversely affect the reproductive system and prostate via estrogenic or antiandrogenic actions.
  • Intraprostatic ED levels alongside steroids are significant for understanding prostate health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop and validate a method for quantifying estrogens, EDs, and phytoestrogens in prostate tissue.
  • Analyze unconjugated and conjugated forms of these compounds.
  • Investigate the presence and levels of these substances in human prostate samples.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed for analysis.
  • The method quantified 20 compounds, including estrogens, bisphenols, parabens, oxybenzone, nonylphenol, and phytoestrogens.
  • Lower Limit of Quantifications (LLOQs) ranged from 0.017–2.86 pg/mg of tissue.

Main Results:

  • Propylparaben, methylparaben, ethylparaben, Bisphenol A (BPA), and oxybenzone were frequently detected in prostate tissues.
  • Propylparaben was found in 100% of tissues (conjugated and unconjugated).
  • Estriol conjugate (E3C) was the most abundant estrogen detected; EDs and phytoestrogens were detected in prostate tissue for the first time.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first detection of EDs, phytoestrogens, and estriol conjugate in human prostate tissue.
  • The frequent detection of specific EDs like propylparaben warrants further investigation into their role in prostate health.
  • Estrogen metabolism within the prostate requires further exploration, particularly concerning the abundance of E3C.