Recurrent Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Syndrome

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrinopathy. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited endocrine tumor predisposition syndrome, with one of main manifestations being primary hyperparathyroidism. We retrospectively evaluated a set of 1011 patients who underwent surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism between the years 2018-2022, and found 78 (8 %) patients who underwent reoperations and 27 patients with MEN1 syndrome. In the group of patients with MEN1 syndrome, 7 (35 %) needed reoperations. Patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome have a higher risk of needing reoperation. Genetic testing can help identify MEN1 syndrome preoperatively and to better evaluate the approach to surgery.