A Genotype-Phenotype Model for Predicting Resistance Training Effects on Leg Press Performance

Area of Science:

• Exercise Physiology
• Human Genetics
• Personalized Medicine

Background:

• Individual responses to resistance training vary significantly.
• Understanding the genetic basis of training adaptations is crucial for optimizing outcomes.
• Previous research has identified some genetic associations with muscle strength, but comprehensive predictive models are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a comprehensive genotype-phenotype model for predicting resistance training effects on leg press performance.
• To identify novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with training-induced strength gains.
• To explore the biological pathways influenced by genetic variations impacting training response.

Main Methods:

• Recruited 193 physically inactive adults for a 12-week resistance training program.
• Measured leg press peak force, muscle mass, and thickness pre- and post-intervention.
• Performed whole-genome genotyping and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to identify significant SNPs.

Main Results:

• Identified 85 novel SNPs associated with changes in leg press strength.
• Developed a predictive model using seven lead SNPs, explaining 40.4% of training variance.
• The integrated genotype-phenotype model explained 75.4% of the variance in training response.
• Five SNPs were linked to muscle contraction, metabolism, growth, and development pathways.

Conclusions:

• Genetic factors play a substantial role in predicting individual responses to resistance training.
• The developed comprehensive model provides a foundation for personalized fitness programming.
• Further research into identified SNPs and pathways can elucidate mechanisms of muscle adaptation.