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Nonstructural carbohydrates explain post-fire tree mortality and recovery patterns.

Charlotte C Reed1,2, Sharon M Hood1

  • 1USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, 5775 US Highway 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808, USA.

Tree Physiology
|December 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trees rely on nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) for recovery after disturbances like fire. Post-fire NSC depletion, linked to crown scorch, impacts tree survival and recovery, informing forest management strategies.

Keywords:
Pinus ponderosaPonderosa pinefire-caused injuryinner barkphloemprescribed fire

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Area of Science:

  • Forest Ecology
  • Plant Physiology
  • Fire Ecology

Background:

  • Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) are vital for tree functions, including recovery from disturbances.
  • The role of NSCs in post-fire recovery and their link to delayed tree mortality remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of fire on NSC levels in *Pinus ponderosa*.
  • To determine if NSC depletion contributes to post-fire delayed mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed crown injury (needle scorch, bud kill) and measured NSCs in needles and inner bark of burned and unburned *Pinus ponderosa*.
  • Monitored NSC levels at multiple time points before and after a prescribed fire (4 days to 16 months).

Main Results:

  • Burned trees showed a rapid decline in NSC concentrations compared to unburned controls.
  • The most significant NSC decline occurred in trees that eventually died; surviving trees recovered NSC levels within 14 months.
  • A strong negative correlation was found between crown scorch severity and main stem inner bark NSC levels two months post-fire (Adj-R2 = 0.83).

Conclusions:

  • NSCs are crucial for tree survival and recovery following fire.
  • Post-fire NSC depletion is partly due to reduced photosynthetic leaf area, limiting carbohydrate availability.
  • NSC depletion may be the mechanistic link between fire injury and tree mortality, improving post-fire forest recovery models.