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Gas Exchange and Transport

Gas Exchange and Transport

Gas exchange, the intake of molecular oxygen (O2) from the environment and the outflow of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment, is necessary for cellular function. Gas exchange during respiration occurs largely via the movement of gas molecules along pressure gradients. Gas travels from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. In mammals, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are adjacent to capillaries and share a membrane with them.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Synthesis of Zeolites Using the ADOR Assembly-Disassembly-Organization-Reassembly Route

Synthesis of Zeolites Using the ADOR Assembly-Disassembly-Organization-Reassembly Route

Published on: April 3, 2016

Precise control over gas-transporting channels in zeolitic imidazolate framework glasses.

Oksana Smirnova¹, Seungtaik Hwang², Roman Sajzew¹

¹University of Jena, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Jena, Germany.

Nature Materials

|December 20, 2023

Summary

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) can form processable ZIF glasses for gas separations. This study demonstrates scalable ZIF glass production and characterizes pore changes during processing for advanced membrane applications.

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

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Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5

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Organic Structure-directing Agent-free Synthesis for *BEA-type Zeolite Membrane

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Published on: February 22, 2020

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Nanotechnology

Background:

Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer solutions for societal challenges like CO2 sequestration.
Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) can transition into a glass state, combining glass properties with MOF potential.
ZIF glasses offer enhanced processability for gas separation applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the scalability and processability of ZIF-62 crystals and glasses.
To investigate the gas penetration dynamics and pore architecture evolution in ZIF crystals and glasses.
To analyze the crystal-to-glass transition and thermal processing capabilities of ZIF materials.

Main Methods:

Infrared microimaging to track gas penetration and pore evolution.
Microscope-coupled heating stage for in situ observation of melting and processing.
Transmission electron microscopy for microstructural analysis.
Mass spectrometry to study the crystal-to-glass transition.
Density and volume measurements to track pore collapse.

Main Results:

Demonstrated scalability of millimetre-sized ZIF-62 crystals and centimetre-sized ZIF-62 glass.
Quantified diffusion coefficients and characterized ångström-scale pore architecture changes.
Observed in situ material evolution during melting and processing across multiple length scales.
Tracked pore collapse during glass processing via volume and density changes.
Investigated thermal processing ability and crystal-to-glass transition.

Conclusions:

ZIF glasses are scalable and processable materials with potential for gas separations.
Understanding pore evolution during processing is crucial for optimizing ZIF glass membranes.
Controllable tuning of pore diameter in ZIF glass could lead to advanced liquid-processable membranes for challenging gas separations.