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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

269
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

309
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
309
Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

268
Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
268

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Unexplained subfertility: active or conservative management?

Siti Maisarah Ahmad1,2, Norazilah Mat Jin1,3, Mohd Faizal Ahmad1,2

  • 1Advanced Reproductive Centre, Faculty of Medicine (ARC), National University of Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation
|December 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Active management, such as intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF), improves pregnancy outcomes for couples with unexplained subfertility, especially younger women with shorter duration of infertility.

Keywords:
active managementintrauterine inseminationin vitro fertilisationunexplained infertilitywomen

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Infertility Research

Background:

  • Unexplained subfertility (UEI) affects couples with normal fertility assessments but difficulty conceiving.
  • Standard workups do not always identify the cause of UEI, necessitating further investigation into treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different fertility treatments for couples with unexplained subfertility.
  • To identify patient subgroups that benefit most from specific interventions like intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of 268 couples with unexplained subfertility was conducted between January 2016 and December 2019.
  • Participants were categorized into four groups based on female partner's age (<35 or >35 years) and subfertility duration (<2 or >2 years).
  • Treatment modalities included timed sexual intercourse, IUI, and IVF, with statistical analysis performed using SPSS.

Main Results:

  • Out of 255 included cases, 20.0% underwent timed intercourse, 57.6% had IUI, and 22.4% opted for IVF.
  • Active management (IUI/IVF) in 204 cases showed a significant difference in outcomes (p<0.05).
  • Half of the eight clinical pregnancies achieved were from women under 35 with over two years of subfertility (Group B).

Conclusions:

  • Active management strategies, including IUI and IVF, demonstrate improved pregnancy outcomes in younger women with shorter subfertility durations.
  • Individualized treatment plans are crucial for optimizing fertility outcomes in unexplained subfertility cases.
  • Further research may explore tailored approaches based on age and duration of infertility.