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Published on: September 20, 2024
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Whole-Blood Transcriptome Unveils Altered Immune Response in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With Aortic Valve
Luca Piacentini1, Veronika A Myasoedova1, Mattia Chiesa1,2
1Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan Italy (L.P., V.A.M., M.C., C.V., D.M., V.V., G.G., I.M., N.C., G.M., P.P., G.I.C.).
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|December 21, 2023
Summary
Aortic valve sclerosis (AVSc) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients is linked to a distinct blood gene signature and increased inflammatory responses. This condition predicts worse cardiovascular outcomes, suggesting targeted therapies may improve patient prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Aortic valve sclerosis (AVSc) shares mechanisms with coronary artery disease and impacts mortality.
- Specific pathophysiological traits of AVSc in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are not well understood.
- Identifying AVSc-specific markers during AMI is crucial for prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify a blood-based transcriptional signature differentiating AVSc from non-AVSc patients during AMI.
- To explore the molecular mechanisms and prognostic implications of AVSc in AMI.
Main Methods:
- Whole-blood transcriptome analysis using RNA sequencing in AVSc (n=44) and no-AVSc (n=66) AMI patients.
- Gene expression profiling, differential expression, and enrichment analyses were conducted.
- Multivariable Cox regression assessed cardiovascular event risk over 10 years.
Main Results:
- A 100-gene panel accurately distinguished AVSc from no-AVSc patients (94% accuracy).
- AVSc was associated with significant differences in 143 genes, including those related to inflammation and hemostasis.
- Patients with AVSc had a 2.4-fold increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events over 10 years.
Conclusions:
- AVSc in AMI is characterized by an increased type I interferon response and poorer cardiovascular outcomes.
- The identified gene signature offers prognostic insights for AMI patients with AVSc.
- Targeting type I interferon pathways may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for improving outcomes in this patient group.
